Raja Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim  

From Johor Bahru Directory

Daeng Ibrahim managed to disfranchise Sultan Ali and thus became the de facto 20th Sultan of Johor, reigning for 7 years from 1855 until his death in 1862.

Raja Temenggong Tun Daeng Ibrahim (8 December 1810 - 31 January 1862), also known as Daeng Ronggek, Tengku Chik, and Daeng Kechil, was the de facto 20th Sultan of Johor who reigned for 7 years from 1855 until his death in 1862.

2.   Early life: Born in Pulau Bulang in the Riau Archipelago to Temenggung Abdul Rahman and his first wife, Inche Yah, Daeng Ibrahim was educated in Singapore. He replaced his elder brother as the Tengku Temenggong Sri Maharaja in 1833 and served under two Sultans, i.e. Sultan Hussain Shah, and Sultan Ali. Officially, however, he was appointed to the post only on 19 August 1841 in a ceremony held at New Harbour, Singapore, witnessed by both Governor Bonham, and Bendahara Tun Ali from Pahang.

3.   As Maharaja: Daeng Ibrahim succeeded to consolidate enough power to disfranchise Sultan Ali, and on 10 March 1955, Sultan Ali signed an agreement with the British, whereby he agreed to shift all his powers in Johor, except for Kesang on the north bank of the Muar River, to him. With that, he became the ruler of Johor with the title, "Maharaja of Johor", while Sultan Ali maintained the title, "Sultan of Johor", which was to be non-hereditary. As the Maharaja of Johor, Daeng Ibrahim established his administration in Tanjung Puteri, later renamed "Johor Bahru" by his son, Sultan Abu Bakar, in 1866. He introduced the "kangchu system" in 1833 to to cultivate black pepper and gambier on a commercial basis by leasing land to the Chinese from Singapore. In this, however, he was not particularly successful and it was left to his son to continue his efforts. By the end of the 19th century, Johor had become the largest producer of pepper and gambier in the world.^[1]

4.   Family: Daeng Ibrahim married Tengku Andak binti al-Marhum Sultan Muhammed Muazzam Shah of Lingga, amongst others.^[2] He had 3 sons and one daughter: ^[2]

1. Sultan Abu Bakar;
2. Daeng Abdullah, who married Tengku Sunit binti Tun Ali of Pahang.
3. Daeng Abdulrahman
4. Tengku Besar (daughter), who married Tun Koris bin Mutahir, Bendahara of Pahang.